How do you differentiate electrical cables by their color?
How do you differentiate electrical cables by their color?
Cable colors are not only supposed to be aesthetically pleasing, but each color can indicate a specific use, which is why it is also recommended to use insulating tape of the same color, for prevention.
Cable parts
Conductor: It is an element that conducts an electric current and can be made of different metal materials, copper being the most commonly used. Likewise, it can be formed by one or more strands of this material.
Insulation: It is the coating that surrounds an electrical conductor to prevent electrical current from circulating outside it and causing harm to those who use it or manipulate it.
Padding layer: This is an insulating material that wraps around the electrical conductors to keep the circular section of the assembly uniform and stable.
Cover: It is made of materials that mechanically protect the cable. Its function is to protect the insulation of electrical conductors from the influence of temperature, sun, rain, etc.
What do the cable colors mean?
Green and yellow - also called the “ground” conductor; That is, it will transfer electricity to the breaker plate, to a rod buried in the ground. This is to prevent electricity from passing through the person. In the past, gray or white cables were used, but to avoid confusion, this more eye-catching two-color cable began to be used. These connectors are not branded.
Blue: It is neutral. Until 1970 the color red was used. Its designation is N.
Brown/Black/Red: This is the phase cable, although it can also be gray to identify phase in a local installation. It is classified as L.
Canales
Within an electrical conduit, we may find simple cables with two channels, or cables of different colors. If the two channels (positive and negative, allowing electricity to circulate), have the same color, this is an unclear arrangement. For example, if you were to extend the electrical cable for a lamp, you would see that it does not have a color rating. This means that the position of one positive and the other negative is blurred.
The cable must have two channels, one positive and one negative. Through one channel electricity “enters” and through the other it “goes out.” Therefore, these two channels should be connected in each installation, instead of just one.
You may find a third wire in the conduit that appears to have no function. It is likely a discharge or grounding cable that allows electricity to circulate in the event of accidental contact. Lightning rods, for example: have a channel that traps electricity and releases it to the ground, preventing condensation in the house. Grounding serves the same purpose.
Prevention
When we need to repair a switch, change an outlet or perform electrical installation in our home network, it is better to hire a specialized professional, so as not to take unnecessary risks and thus ensure a good job. In any case, if you prefer to carry out the task, we recommend taking appropriate preventive measures beforehand, taking into account the color code of the cables so as not to make mistakes.
When working with electrical materials and installations, it is always best to do so with plenty of sunlight and flashlights on hand, if at night. This will allow you to have more visibility and avoid accidents. Remember that the tools you will use must have a rubber coating.
The first thing is to cut off the general passage of light, and lower the box switches.
Use gloves and protective gear to handle electrical cables: remember that static electricity can hurt you too. Wear shoes with rubber soles if possible.
It is important to use insulating tapes as desired to cover the free ones. Insulating tape is an important item when carrying out or repairing electrical installations, as it allows us to insulate electrical cables to avoid short circuits. This tape is very flexible and very secure. The only precaution to be taken is that after a while this tape tends to dry out and harden, so it is recommended to change it.
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